ASCE/SEI 7-10. Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures

Стандарт США ASCE/SEI 7-10 “Минимальные расчетные нагрузки для зданий и других сооружений” 658 стр., 2010.Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures provides minimum load requirements for the design of buildings and other structures that are subject to building code requirements. Loads and appropriate load combinations, which have been developed to be used together, are set forth for strength design and allowable stress design. For design strengths and allowable stress limits, design specifications for conventional structural materials used in buildings and modifications contained in this standard shall be followed.General
Scope
Definitions and Notations
Definitions
Symbols and Notations
Basic Requirements
Strength and Stiffness
Strength Procedures
Allowable Stress Procedures
Performance-Based Procedures
Serviceability
Self-Straining Forces
Analysis
Counteracting Structural Actions
General
Structural Integrity
Load Combinations of Integrity Loads
Strength Design Notional Load Combinations
Allowable Stress Design Notional Load
Combinations
Load Path Connections
Lateral Forces
Connection to Supports
Anchorage of Structural Walls
Extraordinary Loads and Events
Classification of Buildings and Other Structures
Risk Categorization
Multiple Risk Categories
Toxic, Highly Toxic, and Explosive Substances
Additions and Alterations to Existing Structures
Load Tests
Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents
Combinations of Loads
General
Symbols
Combining Factored Loads Using Strength Design
Applicability
Basic Combinations
Load Combinations Including Flood Load
Load Combinations Including Atmospheric Ice Loads
Load Combinations Including Self-Straining Loads
Load Combinations for Nonspecified LoadsCombining Nominal Loads Using Allowable Stress Design
Basic Combinations
Load Combinations Including Flood Load
Load Combinations Including Atmospheric Ice
Loads
Load Combinations Including Self-Straining Loads
Load Combinations for Extraordinary Events
Applicability
Load Combinations
Capacity
Residual Capacity
Stability Requirements
Dead Loads, Soil Loads, and Hydrostatic Pressure
Dead Loads
Definition
Weights of Materials and Constructions
Weight of Fixed Service Equipment
Soil Loads and Hydrostatic Pressure
Lateral Pressures
Uplift on Floors and Foundations
Live Loads
Definitions
Loads Not Specified
Uniformly Distributed Live Loads
Required Live Loads
Provision for Partitions
Partial Loading
Concentrated Live Loads
Loads on Handrail, Guardrail, Grab Bar, Vehicle Barrier Systems, and Fixed Ladders
Loads on Handrail and Guardrail Systems
Loads on Grab Bar Systems
Loads on Vehicle Barrier Systems
Loads on Fixed Ladders
Impact Loads
General
Elevators
Machinery
Reduction in Live Loads
General
Reduction in Uniform Live Loads
Heavy Live Loads
Passenger Vehicle Garages
Assembly Uses
Limitations on One-Way Slabs
Reduction in Roof Live Loads
General
Flat, Pitched, and Curved Roofs
Special Purpose Roofs
Crane Loads
General
Maximum Wheel LoadVertical Impact Force
Lateral Force
Longitudinal Force
Flood Loads
General
Definitions
Design Requirements
Design Loads
Erosion and Scour
Loads on Breakaway Walls
Loads During Flooding
Load Basis
Hydrostatic Loads
Hydrodynamic Loads
Wave Loads
Breaking Wave Loads on Vertical Pilings and Columns
Breaking Wave Loads on Vertical Walls
Breaking Wave Loads on Nonvertical
Walls
Breaking Wave Loads from Obliquely
Incident Waves
Impact Loads
Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents
Reserved for Future Provisions
Snow Loads
Symbols
Ground Snow Loads, pg
Flat Roof Snow Loads, pf
Exposure Factor, Ce
Thermal Factor, Ct
Importance Factor, Is
Minimum Snow Load for Low-Slope Roofs, pm
Sloped Roof Snow Loads, ps
Warm Roof Slope Factor, Cs
Cold Roof Slope Factor, Cs
Roof Slope Factor for Curved Roofs
Roof Slope Factor for Multiple Folded Plate, Sawtooth, and Barrel Vault Roofs
Ice Dams and Icicles Along Eaves
Partial Loading
Continuous Beam Systems
Other Structural Systems
Unbalanced Roof Snow Loads
Unbalanced Snow Loads for Hip and Gable Roofs
Unbalanced Snow Loads for Curved Roofs
Unbalanced Snow Loads for Multiple Folded Plate, Sawtooth,
and Barrel Vault Roofs
Unbalanced Snow Loads for Dome RoofsDrifts on Lower Roofs (Aerodynamic Shade)
Lower Roof of a Structure
Adjacent Structures
Roof Projections and Parapets
Sliding Snow
Rain-On-Snow Surcharge Load
Ponding Instability
Existing Roofs
8 Rain Loads
Symbols
Roof Drainage
Design Rain Loads
Ponding Instability
Controlled Drainage
Reserved for Future Provisions
Ice Loads—Atmospheric Icing
General
Site-Specific Studies
Dynamic Loads
Exclusions
Definitions
Symbols
Ice Loads Due to Freezing Rain
Ice Weight
Nominal Ice Thickness
Height Factor
Importance Factors
Topographic Factor
Design Ice Thickness for Freezing Rain
Wind on Ice-Covered Structures
Wind on Ice-Covered Chimneys, Tanks, and Similar Structures
Wind on Ice-Covered Solid Freestanding Walls and Solid Signs
Wind on Ice-Covered Open Signs and Lattice Frameworks
Wind on Ice-Covered Trussed Towers
Wind on Ice-Covered Guys and Cables
Design Temperatures for Freezing Rain
Partial Loading
Design Procedure
Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents
Seismic Design Criteria
General
Scope
Applicability
Alternate Materials and Methods of Construction
Definitions
Symbols
Seismic Ground Motion Values
Mapped Acceleration Parameters
Site Class
Site Coefficients and Risk-Targeted Maximum Considered
Earthquake (MCER) Spectral Response Acceleration ParametersDesign Spectral Acceleration Parameters
Design Response Spectrum
Risk-Targeted Maximum Considered (MCER) Response
Spectrum
Site-Specific Ground Motion Procedures
Importance Factor and Risk Category
Importance Factor
Protected Access for Risk Category IV
Seismic Design Category
Design Requirements for Seismic Design Category A
Geologic Hazards and Geotechnical Investigation
Geotechnical Investigation Report
Requirements for Seismic Design Categories C through F
Additional Geotechnical Investigation Report Requirements for
Seismic Design Categories D through F
Seismic Design Requirements for Building Structures
Structural Design Basis
Basic Requirements
Member Design, Connection Design, and Deformation Limit
Continuous Load Path and Interconnection
Connection to Supports
Foundation Design
Material Design and Detailing Requirements
Structural System Selection
Selection and Limitations
Combinations of Framing Systems in Different Directions
Combinations of Framing Systems in the Same Direction
Two Stage Analysis Procedure
Combinations
Combination Framing Detailing Requirements
System Specific Requirements
Dual System
Cantilever Column Systems
Inverted Pendulum-Type Structures
Increased Structural Height Limit for Steel
Eccentrically Braced Frames, Steel Special
Concentrically Braced Frames, Steel
Buckling-restrained Braced Frames, Steel Special
Plate Shear Walls and Special Reinforced Concrete
Shear Walls
Special Moment Frames in Structures Assigned to
Seismic Design Categories D through F
Steel Ordinary Moment Frames
Steel Intermediate Moment Frames
Shear Wall-Frame Interactive Systems
Diaphragm Flexibility, Configuration Irregularities, and Redundancy
Diaphragm Flexibility
Flexible Diaphragm Condition
Rigid Diaphragm Condition
Calculated Flexible Diaphragm ConditionIrregular and Regular Classification
Horizontal Irregularity
Vertical Irregularity
Limitations and Additional Requirements for Systems with
Structural Irregularities
Prohibited Horizontal and Vertical Irregularities for
Seismic Design Categories D through F
Extreme Weak Stories
Elements Supporting Discontinuous Walls or Frames
Increase in Forces Due to Irregularities for Seismic
Design Categories D through F
Redundancy
Categories D through F
Seismic Load Effects and Combinations
Applicability
Seismic Load Effect
Horizontal Seismic Load Effect
Vertical Seismic Load Effect
Seismic Load Combinations
Seismic Load Effect Including Overstrength Factor
Horizontal Seismic Load Effect with Overstrength
Factor
Load Combinations with
Overstrength Factor
Allowable Stress Increase for Load
Combinations with Overstrength
Minimum Upward Force for Horizontal Cantilevers for Seismic
Design Categories D through F
Direction of Loading
Direction of Loading Criteria
Seismic Design Category B
Seismic Design Category C
Seismic Design Categories D through F
Analysis Procedure Selection
Modeling Criteria
Foundation Modeling
Effective Seismic Weight
Structural Modeling
Interaction Effects
Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure
Seismic Base Shear
Calculation of Seismic Response Coefficient
Soil Structure Interaction Reduction
Maximum Ss Value in Determination of Cs
Period Determination
Approximate Fundamental Period
Vertical Distribution of Seismic Forces
Horizontal Distribution of Forces
Inherent Torsion
Accidental Torsion
Amplification of Accidental Torsional MomentOverturning
Story Drift Determination
Minimum Base Shear for Computing Drift
Period for Computing Drift
P-Delta Effects
Modal Response Spectrum Analysis
Number of Modes
Modal Response Parameters
Combined Response Parameters
Scaling Design Values of Combined Response
Scaling of Forces
Scaling of Drifts
Horizontal Shear Distribution
P-Delta Effects
Soil Structure Interaction Reduction
Diaphragms, Chords, and Collectors
Diaphragm Design
Diaphragm Design Forces
Collector Elements
Collector Elements Requiring Load Combinations
with Overstrength Factor for Seismic Design
Categories C through F
Structural Walls and Their Anchorage
Design for Out-of-Plane Forces
Anchorage of Structural Walls and Transfer of Design Forces
into Diaphragms
Wall Anchorage Forces
Additional Requirements for Diaphragms in
Structures Assigned to Seismic Design Categories
C through F
12 Drift And Deformation
Story Drift Limit
Moment Frames in Structures Assigned to Seismic
Design Categories D through F
Diaphragm Deflection
Structural Separation
Members Spanning between Structures
Deformation Compatibility for Seismic Design Categories D
through F
Foundation Design
Design Basis
Materials of Construction
Foundation Load-Deformation Characteristics
Reduction of Foundation Overturning
Requirements for Structures Assigned to Seismic Design
Category C
Pole-Type Structures
Foundation Ties
Pile Anchorage Requirements
Requirements for Structures Assigned to Seismic Design
Categories D through F
Pole-Type Structures
Foundation TiesGeneral
Pile Design Requirement
Batter Piles
Pile Anchorage Requirements
Splices of Pile Segments
Pile Soil Interaction
Pile Group Effects
Simplified Alternative Structural Design Criteria for Simple Bearing Wall or Building Frame Systems
General
Simplified Design Procedure
Reference Documents
Definitions
Notation
Design Basis
Seismic Load Effects and Combinations
Seismic Load Effect
Seismic Load Effect Including a Overstrength
Factor
Seismic Force-Resisting System
Selection and Limitations
Combinations of Framing Systems
Diaphragm Flexibility
Application of Loading
Design and Detailing Requirements
Connections
Openings or Reentrant Building Corners
Collector Elements
Diaphragms
Anchorage of Structural Walls
Bearing Walls and Shear Walls
Anchorage of Nonstructural Systems
Simplified Lateral Force Analysis Procedure
Seismic Base Shear
Vertical Distribution
Horizontal Shear Distribution
Overturning
Drift Limits and Building Separation
Seismic Design Requirements for Nonstructural Components
General
Scope
Seismic Design Category
Component Importance Factor
Exemptions
Application of Nonstructural Component Requirements to
Nonbuilding Structures
Reference Documents
Reference Documents Using Allowable Stress Design
General Design Requirements
Applicable Requirements for Architectural, Mechanical, and
Electrical Components, Supports, and Attachments
Special Certification Requirements for Designated Seismic
SystemsConsequential Damage
Flexibility
Testing Alternative for Seismic
Capacity Determination
Experience Data Alternative for Seismic Capacity
Determination
Construction Documents
Seismic Demands on Nonstructural Components
Seismic Design Force
Seismic Relative Displacements
Displacements within Structures
Displacements between Structures
Nonstructural Component Anchorage
Design Force in the Attachment
Anchors in Concrete or Masonry
Anchors in Concrete
Anchors in Masonry
Post-Installed Anchors in Concrete and Masonry
Installation Conditions
Multiple Attachments
Power Actuated Fasteners
Friction Clips
Architectural Components
General
Forces and Displacements
Exterior Nonstructural Wall Elements and Connections
Glass
Out-of-Plane Bending
Suspended Ceilings
Seismic Forces
Industry Standard Construction for Acoustical Tile or Lay-in Panel Ceilings
Integral Construction
Access Floors
General
Special Access Floors
Partitions
General
Glass
Glass in Glazed Curtain Walls, Glazed Storefronts, and Glazed Partitions
General
Seismic Drift Limits for Glass Components
Mechanical and Electrical Components
General
Component Period
Mechanical Components
Electrical Components
Component Supports
Design Basis
Design for Relative Displacement
Support Attachment to ComponentMaterial Detailing Requirements
Additional Requirements
Conduit, Cable Tray, and Other Electrical
Distribution Systems (Raceways)
Utility and Service Lines
Ductwork
Piping Systems
ASME Pressure Piping Systems
Fire Protection Sprinkler Piping Systems
Exceptions
Boilers and Pressure Vessels
Elevator and Escalator Design Requirements
Escalators, Elevators, and Hoistway Structural
System
Elevator Equipment and Controller Supports and Attachments
Seismic Controls for Elevators
Retainer Plates
Other Mechanical and Electrical Components
Material Specific Seismic Design and Detailing Requirements
Scope
Steel
Reference Documents
Structural Steel
General
Seismic Requirements for Structural Steel
Structures
Cold-Formed Steel
General
Seismic Requirements for Cold-Formed Steel
Structures
Modifications to AISI S110
Cold-Formed Steel Light-Frame Construction
General
Seismic Requirements for Cold-Formed Steel
Light-Frame Construction
Prescriptive Cold-Formed Steel Light-Frame
Construction
Steel Deck Diaphragms
Steel Cables
Additional Detailing Requirements for Steel Piles in Seismic
Design Categories D through F
Concrete
Reference Documents
Modifications to ACI 318
Definitions
ACI 318, Section 10
Scope
Intermediate Precast Structural Walls
Wall Piers and Wall Segments
Special Precast Structural Walls
FoundationsDetailed Plain Concrete Shear Walls
Strength Requirements for Anchors
Additional Detailing Requirements for Concrete Piles
Concrete Pile Requirements for Seismic Design
Category C
Concrete Pile Requirements for Seismic Design
Categories D through F
Composite Steel And Concrete Structures
Reference Documents
General
Seismic Requirements for Composite Steel and Concrete Structures
Metal-Cased Concrete Piles
Masonry
Reference Documents
R factors
Modifications to Chapter 1 of TMS 402/ACI 530/ASCE 5
Separation Joints
Modifications to Chapter 2 of TMS 402/ACI 530/ASCE 5
Stress Increase
Reinforcement Requirements and Details
Modifications to Chapter 3 of TMS 402/ACI 530/ASCE 5
Anchoring to Masonry
Splices in Reinforcement
Coupling Beams
Deep Flexural Members
Walls with Factored Axial Stress Greater Than 005 fm′
Shear Keys
Modifications to Chapter 6 of TMS 402/ACI 530/ASCE 5
Corrugated Sheet Metal Anchors
Modifications to TMS 602/ACI 5301/ASCE 6
Construction Procedures
Wood
Reference Documents
Framing
Seismic Design Requirements for Nonbuilding Structures
General
Nonbuilding Structures
Design
Structural Analysis Procedure Selection
Reference Documents
Nonbuilding Structures Supported by Other Structures
Less Than 25 percent Combined Weight Condition
Greater Than or Equal to 25 Percent Combined Weight
Condition
Architectural, Mechanical, and Electrical Components
Structural Design Requirements
Design Basis
Importance Factor
Rigid Nonbuilding Structures
LoadsFundamental Period
Drift Limitations
Materials Requirements
Deflection Limits and Structure Separation
Site-Specific Response Spectra
Anchors in Concrete or Masonry
Anchors in Concrete
Anchors in Masonry
Post-Installed Anchors in Concrete and Masonry
Nonbuilding Structures Similar to Buildings
General
Pipe Racks
Design Basis
Steel Storage Racks
Alternative
General Requirements
Operating Weight
Vertical Distribution of Seismic Forces
Seismic Displacements
Electrical Power Generating Facilities
General
Design Basis
Structural Towers for Tanks and Vessels
General
Piers and Wharves
General
Design Basis
General
Requirements for Nonbuilding Structures Not Similar to Buildings
Earth-Retaining Structures
Stacks and Chimneys
Amusement Structures
Special Hydraulic Structures
Design Basis
Secondary Containment Systems
Freeboard
Telecommunication Towers
Tanks and Vessels
General
Design Basis
Strength and Ductility
Flexibility of Piping Attachments
Anchorage
Ground-Supported Storage Tanks for Liquids
General
Water Storage and Water Treatment Tanks and Vessels
Welded Steel
Bolted Steel
Reinforced and Prestressed ConcretePetrochemical and Industrial Tanks and Vessels Storing Liquids
Welded Steel
Bolted Steel
Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete
Ground-Supported Storage Tanks for Granular Materials
General
Lateral Force Determination
Force Distribution to Shell and Foundation
Welded Steel Structures
Bolted Steel Structures
Reinforced Concrete Structures Reinforced concrete
structures for the storage of granular materials shall
be designed in accordance with the seismic force
requirements of this standard and the requirements of ACI
Prestressed Concrete Structures
Elevated Tanks and Vessels for Liquids and Granular Materials
General
Effective Mass
P-Delta Effects
Transfer of Lateral Forces into
Support Tower
Evaluation of Structures Sensitive to Buckling
Failure
Welded Steel Water Storage Structures
Concrete Pedestal (Composite) Tanks
Boilers and Pressure Vessels
General
ASME Boilers and Pressure Vessels
Attachments of Internal Equipment and Refractory
Coupling of Vessel and Support Structure
Effective Mass
Other Boilers and Pressure Vessels
Supports and Attachments for Boilers and Pressure
Vessels
Liquid and Gas Spheres
General
ASME Spheres
Attachments of Internal Equipment and Refractory
Effective Mass
Post and Rod Supported
Skirt Supported
Refrigerated Gas Liquid Storage Tanks and Vessels
General
Horizontal, Saddle Supported Vessels for Liquid or Vapor Storage
General
Effective Mass
Vessel Design
Seismic Response History Procedures
Linear Response History Procedure
Analysis Requirements
ModelingGround Motion
Two-Dimensional Analysis
Three-Dimensional Analysis
Response Parameters
Horizontal Shear Distribution
Nonlinear Response History Procedure
Analysis Requirements
Modeling
Ground Motion and Other Loading
Response Parameters
Member Strength
Member Deformation
Story Drift
Design Review
Seismic Design Requirements for Seismically Isolated Structures
General
Variations in Material Properties
Definitions
Notation
General Design Requirements
Importance Factor
MCER Spectral Response Acceleration Parameters, SMS and SM1 Configuration
Isolation System
Environmental Conditions
Wind Forces
Fire Resistance
Lateral Restoring Force
Displacement Restraint
Vertical-Load Stability
Overturning
Inspection and Replacement
Quality Control
Structural System
Horizontal Distribution of Force
Building Separations
Nonbuilding Structures
Elements of Structures and Nonstructural Components
Components at or above the Isolation
Interface
Components Crossing the Isolation
Interface
Components below the Isolation Interface
Ground Motion for Isolated Systems
Design Spectra
Ground Motion Histories
Analysis Procedure Selection
Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure
Dynamic Procedures
Response-Spectrum Procedure
Response-History ProcedureEquivalent Lateral Force Procedure
General
Deformation Characteristics of the Isolation System
Minimum Lateral Displacements
Design Displacement
Effective Period at Design Displacement
Maximum Displacement
Effective Period at Maximum Displacement
Total Displacement
Minimum Lateral Forces
Isolation System and Structural Elements below
the Isolation System
Structural Elements above the Isolation
System
Limits on Vs
Vertical Distribution of Force
Drift Limits
Dynamic Analysis Procedures
General
Modeling
Isolation System
Isolated Structure
Description of Procedures
General
Input Earthquake
Response-Spectrum Procedure
Response-History Procedure
Minimum Lateral Displacements and Forces
Isolation System and Structural Elements below the
Isolation System
Structural Elements above the Isolation System
Scaling of Results
Drift Limits
Design Review
Testing
General
Prototype Tests
Record
Sequence and Cycles
Units Dependent on Loading Rates
Units Dependent on Bilateral Load
Maximum and Minimum Vertical Load
Sacrificial Wind-Restraint Systems
Testing Similar Units
Determination of Force-Deflection Characteristics
Test Specimen Adequacy
Design Properties of the Isolation System
Maximum and Minimum Effective Stiffness
Effective Damping
Seismic Design Requirements for Structures with Damping Systems
General
ScopeDefinitions
Notation
General Design Requirements
Seismic Design Category A
System Requirements
Seismic Force-Resisting System
Damping System
Ground Motion
Design Spectra
Ground Motion Histories
Procedure Selection
Nonlinear Procedures
Response-Spectrum Procedure
Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure
Damping System
Device Design
Multiaxis Movement
Inspection and Periodic Testing
Quality Control
Nonlinear Procedures
Nonlinear Response-History Procedure
Damping Device Modeling
Response Parameters
Nonlinear Static Procedure
Response-Spectrum Procedure
Modeling
Seismic Force-Resisting System
Seismic Base Shear
Modal Base Shear
Modal Participation Factor
Fundamental Mode Seismic Response Coefficient
Effective Fundamental Mode Period Determination
Higher Mode Seismic Response Coefficient
Design Lateral Force
Damping System
Design Earthquake Floor Deflection
Design Earthquake Roof Displacement
Design Earthquake Story Drift
Design Earthquake Story Velocity
Maximum Considered Earthquake Response
Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure
Modeling
Seismic Force-Resisting System
Seismic Base Shear
Fundamental Mode Base Shear
Fundamental Mode Properties
Fundamental Mode Seismic Response Coefficient
Effective Fundamental Mode Period
Determination
Residual Mode Base Shear
Residual Mode Properties
Residual Mode Seismic Response Coefficient
Design Lateral ForceDamping System
Design Earthquake Floor Deflection
Design Earthquake Roof Displacement
Design Earthquake Story Drift
Design Earthquake Story Velocity
Maximum Considered Earthquake Response
Damped Response Modification
Damping Coefficient
Effective Damping
Inherent Damping
Hysteretic Damping
Viscous Damping
Effective Ductility Demand
Maximum Effective Ductility Demand
Seismic Load Conditions and Acceptance Criteria
Nonlinear Procedures
Seismic Force-Resisting System
Damping Systems
Combination of Load Effects
Acceptance Criteria for the Response Parameters of
Interest
Response-Spectrum and Equivalent Lateral Force
Procedures
Seismic Force-Resisting System
Damping System
Combination of Load Effects
Modal Damping System Design Forces
Seismic Load Conditions and Combination of
Modal Responses
Inelastic Response Limits
Design Review
Testing
Prototype Tests
Data Recording
Sequence and Cycles of Testing
Testing Similar Devices
Determination of
Force-Velocity-Displacement Characteristics
Device Adequacy
Production Testing
Soil–Structure Interaction for Seismic Design
General
Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure
Base Shear
Effective Building Period
Effective Damping
Vertical Distribution of Seismic Forces
Other Effects
Modal Analysis Procedure
Modal Base Shears
Other Modal Effects
Design ValuesSite Classification Procedure for Seismic Design
Site Classification
Site Response Analysis for Site Class F Soil
Site Class Definitions
Site Class F
Soft Clay Site Class E
Site Classes C, D, and E
Shear Wave Velocity for Site Class B
Shear Wave Velocity for Site Class A
Definitions of Site Class Parameters
Average Shear Wave Velocity
Average Field Standard Penetration
Average Standard Penetration Resistance for Cohesionless Soil Layers
Average Undrained Shear Strength
Site-Specifi c Ground Motion Procedures for Seismic Design
Site Response Analysis
Base Ground Motions
Site Condition Modeling
Site Response Analysis and Computed Results
Risk-Targeted Maximum Considered Earthquake (Mcer) Ground Motion
Hazard Analysis
Probabilistic (MCER) Ground Motions
Method 1
Method 2
Deterministic (MCER) Ground Motions
Site-Specifi c MCER
Design Response Spectrum
Design Acceleration Parameters
Maximum Considered Earthquake Geometric Mean (Mceg) Peak
Ground Acceleration
Probabilistic MCEG Peak Ground Acceleration
Deterministic MCEG Peak Ground Acceleration
Site-Specifi c MCEG Peak Ground Acceleration
Seismic Ground Motion Long-Period Transition and Risk
Coefficient Maps
Seismic Design Reference Documents
Consensus Standards and Other Reference Documents
Wind Loads: General Requirements
Procedures
Scope
Permitted Procedures
Main Wind-Force Resisting System (MWFRS)
Components and Cladding
Definitions
Symbols and Notation
General
Sign Convention
Critical Load Condition
Wind Pressures Acting on Opposite Faces of Each Building
SurfaceWind Hazard Map
Basic Wind Speed
Special Wind Regions
Estimation of Basic Wind Speeds from Regional Climatic Data
Limitation
Wind Directionality
Exposure
Wind Directions and Sectors
Surface Roughness Categories
Exposure Categories
Exposure Requirements
Directional Procedure (Chapter 27)
Envelope Procedure (Chapter 28)
Directional Procedure for Building Appurtenances and Other Structures (Chapter 29)
Components and Cladding (Chapter 30)
Topographic Effects
Wind Speed-Up over Hills, Ridges, and Escarpments
Topographic Factor
Gust-Effects
Frequency Determination
Limitations for Approximate Natural Frequency
Approximate Natural Frequency
Rigid Buildings or Other Structures
Flexible or Dynamically Sensitive Buildings or Other Structures
Rational Analysis
Limitations
Enclosure Classification
General
Openings
Protection of Glazed Openings
Wind-borne Debris Regions
Protection Requirements for Glazed Openings
Multiple Classifications
Internal Pressure Coefficient
Internal Pressure Coefficients
Reduction Factor for Large Volume Buildings, Ri
Wind Loads on Buildings—MWFRS (Directional Procedure)
Scope
Building Types
Conditions
Limitations
Shielding
Part 1: Enclosed, Partially Enclosed, and Open Buildings of All Heights
General Requirements
Wind Load Parameters Specified in Chapter 26
Velocity Pressure
Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
Velocity Pressure
Wind Loads—Main Wind Force-Resisting System
Enclosed and Partially Enclosed Rigid Buildings
Enclosed and Partially Enclosed Flexible BuildingsOpen Buildings with Monoslope, Pitched, or Troughed Free Roofs262
Roof Overhangs
Parapets
Design Wind Load Cases
Minimum Design Wind Loads
Part 2: Enclosed Simple Diaphragm Buildings with h ≤160 ft (m)
General Requirements
Design Procedure
Conditions
Wind Load Parameters Specified in Chapter 26
Diaphragm Flexibility
Wind Loads—Main Wind Force-Resisting System
Wall and Roof Surfaces—Class 1 and 2 Buildings
Parapets
Roof Overhangs
Wind Loads on Buildings—MWFRS (Envelope Procedure)
Scope
Building Types
Conditions
Limitations
Shielding
Part 1: Enclosed and Partially Enclosed Low-Rise Buildings
General Requirements
Wind Load Parameters Specified in Chapter 26
Velocity Pressure
Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
Velocity Pressure
Wind Loads—Main Wind-Force Resisting System
Design Wind Pressure for Low-Rise Buildings
External Pressure Coefficients (GCpf)
Parapets
Roof Overhangs
Minimum Design Wind Loads
Part 2: Enclosed Simple Diaphragm Low-Rise Buildings
General Requirements
Wind Load Parameters Specified in Chapter 26
Wind Loads—Main Wind-Force Resisting System
Scope
Conditions
Design Wind Loads
Minimum Design Wind Loads
Wind Loads on Other Structures and Building Appurtenances—MWFRS
Scope
Structure Types
Conditions
Limitations
Shielding
General Requirements
Wind Load Parameters Specified in Chapter 26
Velocity Pressure
Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
Velocity PressureDesign Wind Loads—Solid Freestanding Walls and Solid Signs
Solid Freestanding Walls and Solid Freestanding Signs
Solid Attached Signs
Design Wind Loads—Other Structures
Rooftop Structures and Equipment for Buildings with h ≤60 ft (m)
Parapets
Roof Overhangs
Minimum Design wind Loading
Wind Loads—Components and Cladding (C&C)
Scope
Building Types
Conditions
Limitations
Shielding
Air-Permeable Cladding
General Requirements
Wind Load Parameters Specified in Chapter 26
Minimum Design Wind Pressures
Tributary Areas Greater than 700 ft2 (65 m2)
External Pressure Coefficients
Velocity Pressure
Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
Velocity Pressure
Part 1: Low-Rise Buildings
Building Types
Conditions
Design Wind Pressures
Part 2: Low-Rise Buildings (Simplified)
Building Types
Conditions
Design Wind Pressures
Part 3: Buildings with h > 60 ft (m)
Building Types
Conditions
Design Wind Pressures
Part 4: Buildings with h ≤160 ft (M) (Simplified)
Building Types
Wind Loads—Components And Cladding
Wall and Roof Surfaces
Parapets
Roof Overhangs
Part 5: Open Buildings
Building Types
Conditions
Design Wind Pressures
Part 6: Building Appurtenances and Rooftop Structures and Equipment
Parapets
Roof Overhangs
Rooftop Structures and Equipment for Buildings with h ≤ 60 ft (m)
Wind Tunnel Procedure
Scope
Test ConditionsDynamic Response
Load Effects
Mean Recurrence Intervals of Load Effects
Limitations on Wind Speeds
Limitations on Loads
Wind-Borne Debris
Appendix 11A Quality Assurance Provisions
Quality Assurance
Scope
Quality Assurance Plan
Details of Quality Assurance Plan
Contractor Responsibility
Special Inspection and Testing
Foundations
Reinforcing Steel
Structural Concrete
Prestressed Concrete
Structural Masonry
Structural Steel
Structural Wood
Cold-Formed Steel Framing
Architectural Components
Mechanical and Electrical Components
Seismic Isolation System
Testing
Reinforcing and Prestressing Steel
Certified Mill Test Reports
ASTM A615 Reinforcing Steel
Welding of ASTM A615 Reinforcing
Steel
Structural Concrete
Structural Masonry
Structural Steel
Seismic-Isolated Structures
Mechanical and Electrical Equipment
Structural Observations
Reporting and Compliance Procedures
Appendix 11B Existing Building Provisions
Scope
Structurally Independent Additions
Structurally Dependent Additions
Alterations
Change of Use
Appendix C Serviceability Considerations
Serviceability Considerations
Deflection, Vibration, and Drift
Vertical Deflections
Drift of Walls and Frames
Vibrations
Design for Long-Term Deflection
CamberExpansion and Contraction
Durability
Appendix D Buildings Exempted from Torsional Wind Load Cases
D0 Scope
One and Two Story Buildings Meeting the Following Requirements
Buildings Controlled by Seismic Loading
Buildings with Diaphragms at Each Level that Are
Not Flexible
Buildings with Diaphragms at Each Level that Are Flexible
Buildings Classified as Torsionally Regular under Wind Load
Buildings with Diaphragms that are Flexible and Designed for Increased
Wind Loading
Class 1 and Class 2 Simple Diaphragm Buildings (h ≤ 160 ft) Meeting
the Following Requirements
Case A – Class 1 and Class 2 Buildings
Case B – Class 1 and Class 2 Buildings
Case C – Class 1 and Class 2 Buildings
Case D – Class 1 and Class 2 Buildings
Case E – Class 1 and Class 2 Buildings
Case F – Class 1 Buildings
Commentary to American Society of Civil Engineers/Structural Engineering Institute
Standard 7-10
General
Scope
Basic Requirements
Strength and Stiffness
Performance-Based Procedures
Serviceability
Self-Straining Forces
General Structural Integrity
Classification of Buildings and Other Structures
Risk Categorization
Toxic, Highly Toxic, and Explosive Substances
Load TestsCombinations of Loads
General
Symbols and Notation
Combining Factored Loads Using Strength Design
Applicability
Basic Combinations
Load Combinations Including Flood Load
Load Combinations Including Atmospheric Ice Loads
Load Combinations Including Self-Straining Loads
Load Combinations for Nonspecified Loads
Combining Nominal Loads Using Allowable Stress Design
Basic Combinations
Load Combinations Including Flood Load
Load Combinations Including Atmospheric Ice Loads
Load Combinations Including Self-Straining LoadsLoad Combinations for Extraordinary EventsDead Loads, Soil Loads, and Hydrostatic Pressure
Weights of Materials and Constructions
Soil Loads and Hydrostatic Pressure
Lateral Pressures
Uplift on Floors and FoundationsLive Loads
Uniformly Distributed Live Loads
Required Live Loads
Provision for Partitions
Partial Loading
Concentrated Live Loads
Loads on Handrail, Guardrail, Grab Bar, and Vehicle Barrier Systems, and Fixed Ladders
Loads on Handrail and Guardrail Systems
Loads on Grab Bar Systems
Loads on Vehicle Barrier Systems
Loads on Fixed Ladders
Impact Loads
Reduction In Live Loads
General
Heavy Live Loads
Passenger Vehicle Garages
Limitations on One-Way Slabs
Reduction In Roof Live Loads
Flat, Pitched, and Curved Roofs
Special Purpose Roofs
Crane LoadsFlood Loads
General
Definitions
Design Requirements
Design Loads
Erosion and Scour
Loads on Breakaway Walls
Load Basis
Hydrostatic Loads
Hydrodynamic Loads
Wave Loads
Breaking Wave Loads on Vertical Walls
Impact LoadsSnow Loads
Snow Loads
Ground Snow Loads, pg
Flat-Roof Snow Loads, pf
Exposure Factor, Ce
Thermal Factor, CtImportance Factor, Is
Minimum Snow Load for Low-Slope Roofs, pm
Sloped Roof Snow Loads, ps
Roof Slope Factor for Curved Roofs
Roof Slope Factor for Multiple Folded Plate, Sawtooth,
and Barrel Vault Roofs
Ice Dams and Icicles Along Eaves
Partial Loading
Unbalanced Roof Snow Loads
Unbalanced Snow Loads for Hip and Gable Roofs
Unbalanced Snow Loads for Curved Roofs
Unbalanced Snow Loads for Multiple Folded Plate, Sawtooth,
and Barrel Vault Roofs
Unbalanced Snow Loads for Dome Roofs
Drifts on Lower Roofs (Aerodynamic Shade)
Adjacent Structures
Roof Projections and Parapets
Sliding Snow
Rain-on-Snow Surcharge Load
Ponding Instability
Existing Roofs
Other Roofs and SitesRain Loads
Symbols
Roof Drainage
Design Rain Loads
Ponding Instability
Controlled DrainageIce Loads—Atmospheric Icing
General
Site-Specific Studies
Dynamic Loads
Exclusions
Definitions
Ice Loads Due to Freezing Rain
Ice Weight
Nominal Ice Thickness
Importance Factors
Design Ice Thickness for Freezing Rain
Wind on Ice-Covered Structures
Wind on Ice-Covered Guys and Cables
Design Temperatures for Freezing Rain
Partial LoadingSeismic Design Criteria
General
Purpose
Applicability
DefinitionsSeismic Ground Motion Values
Design Requirements for Seismic Design Category A
Geotechnical Investigation Report Requirements for Seismic
Design Categories C through F
Additional Geotechnical Investigation Report Requirements for
Seismic Design Categories D through F
Seismic Design Requirements for Building Structures
Elements Supporting Discontinuous Walls
or Frames
Redundancy
Seismic Load Effect Including Overstrength Factor
Analysis Procedure Selection
Foundation Modeling
Inherent Torsion
Anchorage of Structural Walls and Transfer of Design Forces
into DiaphragmsSeismic Design Requirements for Nonstructural Components
Seismic Design Requirements for Nonstructural Components
Exemptions
Special Certification Requirements for Designated Seismic
Systems
Seismic Relative Displacements
Post-Installed Anchors in Concrete and Masonry
Friction Clips
Glass in Glazed Curtain Walls, Glazed Storefronts, and Glazed Partitions
Mechanical and Electrical Components
Additional Requirements
Conduit, Cable Tray, and Other Electrical
Distribution Systems (Raceways)
Piping Systems
ASME Pressure Piping Systems
Fire Protection Sprinkler Piping Systems
Exceptions
Material-Specific Seismic Design and Detailing Requirements
Concrete
ACI 318, Section 10
Definitions
Scope
Wall Piers and Wall Segments
Foundations
Intermediate Precast Structural Walls
Detailed Plain Concrete Shear Walls
Strength Requirements for Anchors
Additional Detailing Requirements for Concrete Piles
MasonrySeismic Design Requirements for Nonbuilding Structures
Seismic Design Requirements for Nonbuilding Structures
Structural Analysis Procedure SelectionReference Documents
Fundamental Period
Post-Installed Anchors in Concrete and Masonry
Secondary Containment Systems
Telecommunication Towers
Tanks and Vessels
Design Basis
Ground-Supported Storage Tanks for Liquids
Bolted Steel
Refrigerated Gas Liquid Storage Tanks and Vessels
Soil–Structure Interaction for Seismic Design
Soil–Structure Interaction for Seismic Design
Seismic Ground Motion, Long-Period Transition and Risk Coefficient Maps
Wind Loads—General Requirements
Scope
General
Definitions
Symbols and Notation
Wind Pressures Acting on Opposite Faces of Each Building
Surface
Basic Wind Speed
Special Wind Regions
Estimation of Basic Wind Speeds from Regional Climatic Data
Limitation
Wind Directionality
Exposure
Exposure Requirements
Topographic Effects
Gust Effect Factor
Enclosure Classification
Internal Pressure CoefficientAdditional References of Interest
Wind Loads on Buildings—MWFRS Directional Procedure
Part 1: Enclosed, Partially Enclosed, and Open Buildings of All Heights
Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
Velocity Pressure
Enclosed and Partially Enclosed Rigid Buildings
Open Buildings with Monoslope, Pitched, or Troughed
Free Roofs
Design Wind Load Cases
Minimum Design Wind Loads
Part 2: Enclosed Simple Diaphragm Buildings with h ≤160 ft
Wall and Roof Surfaces
Parapets
Roof OverhangsWind Loads on Buildings—MWFRS (Envelope Procedure)
Part 1: Enclosed and Partially Enclosed Low-Rise Buildings
Velocity Pressure Exposure CoefficientVelocity Pressure
Minimum Design Wind Loading
Part 2: Enclosed Simple Diaphragm Low-Rise BuildingsWind Loads (MWFRS)—Other Structures and Building Appurtenances
Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
Velocity Pressure
Solid Attached Signs
Rooftop Structures and Equipment for Buildings with h ≤ 60 ft
Parapets
Minimum Design Wind LoadingWind Loads—Components and Cladding (C&C)
Air-Permeable Cladding
Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
Velocity Pressure
Part 1: Low-Rise Buildings
Part 3: Buildings With h > 60 ft (m)
Part 4: Buildings with h ≤ 160 ft (Simplified)
Parapets
Roof Overhangs
Part 5: Open BuildingsWind Tunnel Procedure
Mean Recurrence Intervals of Load Effects
LimitationsCommentary Appendix C Serviceability Considerations
Serviceability Considerations
Vertical Deflections
Drift of Walls and Frames
Vibrations
Design for Long-Term Deflection
Camber
Expansion and Contraction
DurabilityCommentary Chapter: Appendix D Buildings Exempted from Torsional Wind
Load Cases